Which behavior can exacerbate symptoms of major depressive disorder related to sleep and energy?

Consuming excessive alcohol can significantly exacerbate symptoms of major depressive disorder, particularly in relation to sleep and energy levels. Alcohol is a depressant that can interfere with the body's sleep architecture, leading to disrupted sleep patterns and reduced sleep quality. While individuals may initially experience relaxation or sedation, the overall impact can lead to fragmented sleep and increased feelings of fatigue upon waking.

Furthermore, alcohol can affect neurotransmitter systems in the brain, which are already imbalanced in those experiencing major depressive disorder. Continued consumption can lead to a vicious cycle where poor sleep quality increases feelings of lethargy and depression, enhancing depressive symptoms overall.

In contrast, participating in regular workouts, maintaining a regular sleep schedule, and engaging in social activities are typically supportive behaviors for mental health that can promote better sleep hygiene and boost energy levels. Regular physical activity helps elevate mood and increase energy through the release of endorphins, while a consistent sleep schedule can regulate the body's internal clock and improve overall sleep quality. Engaging socially can also provide emotional support and reduce feelings of isolation, which are beneficial for those struggling with depression. These behaviors stand in stark contrast to the detrimental effects that excessive alcohol consumption can have on sleep and energy in individuals with depression.