A nurse is teaching a client taking disulfiram (Antabuse) for alcohol dependence. Which substance should the nurse advise the client to avoid?

Disulfiram, commonly known as Antabuse, is a medication used to support the treatment of alcohol dependence by causing unpleasant reactions when alcohol is consumed. The mechanism of disulfiram involves blocking the enzyme acetaldehyde dehydrogenase, which leads to a buildup of acetaldehyde in the body when alcohol is ingested. This buildup can result in symptoms such as flushing, palpitations, nausea, and vomiting.

Vanilla extract typically contains a significant amount of alcohol because it is often made with alcohol as a solvent for the vanilla compounds. Even small amounts of alcohol, such as those found in vanilla extract, can trigger the adverse reactions in individuals taking disulfiram. Therefore, it is crucial for the nurse to advise the client to avoid vanilla extract to prevent unpleasant side effects that could arise from its alcohol content.

In contrast, plain water, green tea, and honey do not contain alcohol and would not pose a risk of triggering the adverse effects associated with disulfiram. It is essential for clients on disulfiram to be aware of hidden sources of alcohol in food and beverages to ensure their safety and the effectiveness of their treatment.